Are modals usable on smartphones, or is there a better alternative?

1. Are modals good for mobile?
2. What can I use instead of a modal?
3. Why not use modals?
4. Are modals good for accessibility?

Are modals good for mobile?

On desktop, modals display without issue because of the large screen size. But on mobile, modal windows get cut off because of the small screen size. Users only see part of the modal window and can't exit nor view it with ease. Viewing is even more difficult if users have to use an onscreen keyboard.

What can I use instead of a modal?

If a modal isn't right, but shifting screens is less than ideal, there are alternatives like slides, accordions, expanding panes, or enhanced tooltips.

Why not use modals?

Do NOT use a modal if users need to visit the modal state by URL. Too much contents in modal, or too frequent use of modal dialogs make users tired because whenever modal dialog pops up, users pay attention to close them to go back to their current workflow. Do NOT add too much contents into a modal.

Are modals good for accessibility?

Modal dialogs can enhance usability by focusing attention on a specific message that requires a user action to continue. An accessible modal dialog is one where keyboard focus is managed properly, and the correct information is exposed to screen readers.